LGPLv2+ and LGPLv2+ with exceptions and GPLv2+ and GPLv2+ with exceptions and BSD and Inner-Net-2.0 and ISC and Public Domain and GFDL-1.3-only
The GNU C Library project provides the core libraries for the GNU system and GNU/Linux systems, as well as many other systems that use Linux as the kernel. These libraries provide critical APIs including ISO C11, POSIX.1-2008, BSD, OS-specific APIs and more. These APIs include such foundational facilities as open, read, write, malloc, printf, getaddrinfo, dlopen, pthread_create, crypt, login, exit and more.
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The core library that forms the basis for projects such as GTK+ and GNOME
GLib is a bundle of three (formerly five) low-level system libraries written in C and developed mainly by GNOME. GLib's code was separated from GTK, so it can be used by software other than GNOME and has been developed in parallel ever since.
The elfutils-libs package contains libraries which implement DWARF, ELF, and machine-specific ELF handling and process introspection. These libraries are used by the programs in the elfutils package. The elfutils-devel package enables building other programs using these libraries.
A set of basic GNU tools commonly used in shell scripts
These are the GNU core utilities. This package is the combination of the old GNU fileutils, sh-utils, and textutils packages.
A library for getting and setting POSIX.1e draft 15 capabilities
This is a library for getting and setting POSIX.1e (formerly POSIX 6) draft 15 capabilities.
Bash is the GNU Project's shell. Bash is the Bourne Again SHell. Bash is an sh-compatible shell that incorporates useful features from the Korn shell (ksh) and C shell (csh). It is intended to conform to the IEEE POSIX P1003.2/ISO 9945.2 Shell and Tools standard. It offers functional improvements over sh for both programming and interactive use. In addition, most sh scripts can be run by Bash without modification.
Introspection system for GObject-based libraries
GObject Introspection can scan C header and source files in order to generate introspection "typelib" files. It also provides an API to examine typelib files, useful for creating language bindings among other things.
Libunwind provides a C ABI to determine the call-chain of a program
Libunwind defines a portable and efficient C programming interface (API) to determine the call-chain of a program. The API additionally provides the means to manipulate the preserved (callee-saved) state of each call-frame and to resume execution at any point in the call-chain (non-local goto). The API supports both local (same-process) and remote (across-process) operation.
Bindings for GStreamer 1.0, the open source multimedia framework
GStreamer1 implements a framework that allows for processing and encoding of multimedia sources in a manner similar to a shell pipeline. Because it's introspection-based, most of the classes follow directly from the C API. Therefore, most of the documentation is by example rather than a full breakdown of the class structure.